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The FV function returns the future value of an investment.

Use the FV function to calculate the future value of an investment, assuming periodic, constant payments with a constant interest rate. You can also use it for the future value of single lump sum payment.

FV is part of the set of financial functions that Sigma supports.

Syntax

FV(rate, nperiods, pmt, [pv], [type])
rate
The interest rate per period.
nperiods
The total number of payment periods.
pmt
The payment made each period.
If this is a deposit into savings or similar investment, the value must be negative. For cash received, such as income or dividends, payment value must be positive.
pv
Optional.
The present value of future payments. If omitted, assumed to be zero. Must be entered as a negative number.
Default is 0.
type
Optional.
When payments are due:
0
End of period
1
Beginning of period
Default is 0.

Notes

  • Be consistent with the units for rate and nperiods arguments. If you make monthly payments on a two-year loan at an annual interest rate of 7%, use the rate calculation of 0.07/12 and nperiods calculation of 2*12. For annual payments on the same loan, use the rate of 0.07 and nperiods of 2.

Example

FV(0.1/12, 5*12, -1000)

The future value of a 5-year loan with an annual interest of 10%, and monthly payments of $1,000 is $77,437.07.

FV(0.1/4, 5*4, -3000)

The future value of a 5-year loan with an annual interest of 10%, and quarterly payments of $3,000 is $76,633.97.

FV(0.1, 5, -12000)

The future value of a 5-year loan with an annual interest of 10%, and annual payments of $12,000 is $73,261.20.

Updated about 1 year ago

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Sigma Documentation

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Explore feature overviews, step-by-step guides, FAQs, and more

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What's New
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Keep up with our latest feature and function releases.
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Sigma's New Features

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Get Started
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Explore the possibilities with your data.
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Build with data

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Data Apps
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Leverage write-back, layouts, and interactivity to build dynamic, user-driven applications.
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Optimize your workflows

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Workbooks
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Analyze data using spreadsheets and visualizations to tell stories your way.
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Spreadsheets & visualizations

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Data Modeling
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Curate, simplify, and join multiple data sources in Sigma data models and datasets.
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Join data sources

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Administration
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Manage people, teams, data warehouse connections, permissions and authentication.
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Govern with ease

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Embedded Analytics
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Prepare and embed Sigma analytics for internal, external, and custom use cases.
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Your vision in Sigma

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Functions
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Learn how to use Sigma functions in your data analysis.
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Excel with functions

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Developer Documentation
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Integrate our REST API into your workflow.
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Customize your workflow

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Get Help
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Get help through live chat, after-hours support, Zoom office hours, Sigma Community, and more.
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Expert support

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url(https://sigma-docs-screenshots.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Icons/Callout+icons/callout-icon_note.svg);\n --border: rgba(0, 92, 74, 0.8);\n --background: rgba(242, 247, 246, 1);\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .callout[theme='📘'] {\n background: rgba(0, 92, 74, 0.35) !important;\n --icon: url(https://sigma-docs-screenshots.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Icons/Callout+icons/callout-icon_note_dark-mode.svg);\n --border: rgba(102, 157, 146, 0.7);\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .callout[theme='📘'] {\n background: rgba(0, 92, 74, 0.35) !important;\n --icon: url(https://sigma-docs-screenshots.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Icons/Callout+icons/callout-icon_note_dark-mode.svg);\n --border: rgba(102, 157, 146, 0.7);\n}\n.callout[theme='💡'],\n.callout[theme='👍'] {\n --emoji: unset;\n --icon: url(https://sigma-docs-screenshots.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Icons/Callout+icons/callout-icon_tip.svg);\n --background: rgba(254, 251, 241) !important;\n --border: 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!important;\n --icon: url(https://sigma-docs-screenshots.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Icons/Callout+icons/callout-icon_warning_dark-mode.svg);\n --border: rgba(237, 94, 79, 0.6);\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .callout[theme='🚧'] {\n background: rgba(237, 94, 79, 0.2) !important;\n --icon: url(https://sigma-docs-screenshots.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Icons/Callout+icons/callout-icon_warning_dark-mode.svg);\n --border: rgba(237, 94, 79, 0.6);\n}\n.callout[theme='🚩'] {\n --emoji: unset;\n --icon: url(https://sigma-docs-screenshots.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Icons/Callout+icons/callout-icon_important.svg);\n --background: rgba(248, 244, 247) !important;\n --border: rgba(150, 79, 125, 0.8);\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .callout[theme='🚩'] {\n background: rgba(150, 79, 125, 0.25) !important;\n --icon: url(https://sigma-docs-screenshots.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Icons/Callout+icons/callout-icon_important_dark-mode.svg);\n --border: rgba(192, 149, 177, 0.5);\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .callout[theme='🚩'] {\n background: rgba(150, 79, 125, 0.25) !important;\n --icon: url(https://sigma-docs-screenshots.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Icons/Callout+icons/callout-icon_important_dark-mode.svg);\n --border: rgba(192, 149, 177, 0.5);\n}\n.callout[theme='🚀'] {\n --emoji: unset;\n --icon: url(https://sigma-docs-screenshots.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Icons/Callout+icons/callout-icon_data-pro.svg);\n --background: rgba(243, 246, 255) !important;\n --border: rgba(0, 4, 225, 0.6);\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .callout[theme='🚀'] {\n background: rgba(66, 69, 255, 0.25) !important;\n --icon: url(https://sigma-docs-screenshots.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Icons/Callout+icons/callout-icon_data-pro_dark-mode.svg);\n --border: rgba(102, 144, 255, 0.6);\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .callout[theme='🚀'] {\n background: rgba(66, 69, 255, 0.25) !important;\n --icon: url(https://sigma-docs-screenshots.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/Icons/Callout+icons/callout-icon_data-pro_dark-mode.svg);\n --border: rgba(102, 144, 255, 0.6);\n}\n.callout.callout {\n border-left: 4px solid var(--border);\n border-radius: 4px;\n padding: 0.75rem 0.75rem 0.75rem 1.5rem;\n margin-bottom: 1.5rem !important;\n display: block;\n width: 100%;\n float: left;\n}\n.callout-heading {\n --title: var(--text);\n}\n.callout-heading p {\n font-size: var(--markdown-font-size, 14px);\n font-weight: 400;\n line-height: var(--markdown-line-height);\n}\n\n.callout-heading li {\n font-size: var(--markdown-font-size, 14px);\n font-weight: 400;\n}\n\n.callout-icon::before {\n top: 0.85rem;\n}\n.callout.callout .callout-heading.empty {\n margin-top: 0;\n}\n.callout.callout ul,\n.callout.callout ol {\n padding-left: 2rem;\n}\n.callout.callout a {\n color: #4245ff;\n}\n\n/*** sidenav, sidebar (toc), header, footer ***/\n\n.reference-redesign.Nav3C5f8FcjkaHj.rm-Sidebar_guides .rm-Sidebar {\n padding-top: 2rem;\n padding-bottom: 2rem;\n}\n.reference-redesign [class*='Sidebar-heading'] {\n font-size: 0.95rem;\n padding-left: 0;\n}\n.reference-redesign .Sidebar-link-buttonWrapper3hnFHNku8_BJ {\n padding-right: 0.25rem;\n}\n\n.reference-redesign .Sidebar-link2Dsha-r-GKh2:active,\n.reference-redesign .Sidebar-link2Dsha-r-GKh2.active {\n background: none;\n color: #4245ff;\n font-weight: 600;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system']\n .reference-redesign\n .Sidebar-link2Dsha-r-GKh2:active,\n [data-color-mode='system']\n .reference-redesign\n .Sidebar-link2Dsha-r-GKh2.active {\n background: none;\n color: #6690ff !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .reference-redesign .Sidebar-link2Dsha-r-GKh2:active,\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .reference-redesign .Sidebar-link2Dsha-r-GKh2.active {\n background: none;\n color: #6690ff !important;\n padding-left: 1.2rem;\n}\n.content-toc {\n padding-top: 0;\n top: 2rem;\n}\n.content-toc .tocHeader,\n.content-toc a {\n font-size: 0.85rem;\n}\nnav ul.toc-list li.toc-children ul li.active > a {\n color: #4245ff !important;\n font-family: inherit;\n font-weight: 600;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] nav ul.toc-list li.toc-children ul li.active > a {\n color: #6690ff !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] nav ul.toc-list li.toc-children ul li.active > a {\n color: #6690ff !important;\n}\n\n/*** article ***/\n\n.field-description,\n.markdown-body {\n padding-bottom: 1rem;\n}\n.rm-Guides .DateLine {\n display: none;\n}\n.App .rm-SuggestedEdits .rm-Article,\n.App .rm-SuggestionDiff .rm-Article,\n.App .rm-Guides .rm-Article,\n.App .rm-ReferenceMain .rm-Article,\n.App .rm-Changelog .rm-Article,\n.App .rm-Discuss .rm-Article,\n.App .rm-CustomPage .rm-Article {\n padding: 2rem;\n}\np > span > span > img {\n margin-bottom: 0.5rem;\n}\n\n/*** release notes ***/\n\n.ChangelogPost_text25nFcEF_ZQyf {\n margin-bottom: unset;\n}\n[class*='ChangelogPage_list'] {\n padding-left: 1.5rem;\n padding-bottom: 0.5rem;\n gap: var(--md);\n}\n\n.rm-Changelog h2:first-child {\n border-top: 0;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .rm-Changelog h2:first-child {\n border-top: 0;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .rm-Changelog h2:first-child {\n border-top: 0;\n}\n\n.whats-new h3,\n.rm-Changelog h3 {\n margin-top: 1.5rem;\n}\n.whats-new h3:first-child,\n.rm-Changelog h3:first-child {\n margin-top: 0.5rem;\n}\n.whats-new h4,\n.rm-Changelog h4 {\n margin-top: 1.5rem;\n margin-left: 1rem;\n}\n.whats-new h4:before,\n.rm-Changelog h4:before {\n font-family: var(--fa-font-solid);\n font-weight: 900;\n margin-right: 0.5em;\n content: '\\f101';\n color: #6690ff;\n}\n.whats-new p,\n.whats-new p + ol,\n.whats-new p + ul,\n.whats-new dl,\n.rm-Changelog p,\n.rm-Changelog p + ol,\n.rm-Changelog p + ul,\n.rm-Changelog dl {\n margin-left: 2.45rem;\n}\n.whats-new dt,\n.rm-Changelog dt {\n margin-left: 3.5rem !important;\n}\n.whats-new ul,\n.whats-new ol,\n.rm-Changelog ul,\n.rm-Changelog ol {\n padding-left: 2.25rem;\n}\n.whats-new .rdmd-table,\n.rm-Changelog .rdmd-table {\n margin-left: 2.5rem;\n margin-bottom: 1rem;\n}\n.whats-new pre,\n.rm-Changelog pre {\n margin-left: 2.5rem;\n}\n.whats-new li > p,\n.rm-Changelog li > p {\n margin-left: 0;\n}\n.whats-new .callout,\n.rm-Changelog .callout {\n margin-left: 2.5rem;\n}\n.whats-new .callout h2,\n.rm-Changelog .callout h2,\n.whats-new .callout p,\n.rm-Changelog .callout p {\n margin-right: 2.5rem;\n}\n\n.whats-new iframe,\n.rm-Changelog iframe {\n margin-left: 2.45rem !important;\n width: 95%;\n}\n\n/*** lines, breaks, headings, text ***/\n\n.field-description strong,\n.markdown-body strong {\n font-weight: 700;\n}\n.margin-top-0 {\n margin-top: 0;\n}\n.margin-bot-0 {\n margin-bottom: 0;\n}\n.heading.heading-2 {\n -webkit-box-align: center;\n -ms-flex-align: center;\n align-items: center;\n display: -webkit-box;\n display: -ms-flexbox;\n display: flex;\n -webkit-box-pack: start;\n -ms-flex-pack: start;\n justify-content: flex-start;\n position: relative;\n border-top: 1px solid #d1d1d1;\n padding-top: 20px;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .heading.heading-2 {\n border-top: 1px solid #d1d1d150;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .heading.heading-2 {\n border-top: 1px solid #d1d1d150;\n}\n\n.rm-Guides #content-head h1 {\n margin-top: 0;\n}\n.markdown-body h2 {\n font-size: var(--markdown-title-size, 2em);\n}\n.markdown-body h3 {\n font-size: var(--markdown-title-size, 1.5em);\n margin-top: 2rem;\n}\n.markdown-body h4 {\n margin-top: 1.25em;\n\tfont-size: 1.15em;\n}\n\n/*\ndiv + h4 {\n margin-top: 1.75em;\n}\n*/\n\n.rm-Guides #content-head {\n border-bottom: 0 !important;\n padding-bottom: 30px;\n}\n.rm-Guides #content-head .excerpt {\n margin-top: 15px;\n margin-bottom: -20px;\n}\n.rm-Guides .content-body {\n padding-top: 0 !important;\n}\n.markdown-body a {\n color: #4245ff;\n text-decoration: none;\n font-weight: 500;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .markdown-body a {\n color: #6690ff !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .markdown-body a {\n color: #6690ff !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n.App .rm-Guides a:hover,\n.App .rm-Changelog a:hover {\n text-decoration: underline;\n}\n.rm-Sidebar a:hover {\n text-decoration: none !important;\n}\n.field-description a[href],\n.field-description a:not([href='']),\n.markdown-body a[href],\n.markdown-body a:not([href='']) {\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n.markdown-body li ul {\n margin-top: 0.5rem;\n}\n.no-wrap {\n white-space: nowrap; /* prevents line breaks */\n}\n\n/*** tables ***/\n\n:root {\n --table-alt-bg-1: #c6c6c6;\n --table-alt-bg-2: #dddddd;\n --table-alt-bg-3: #e9e9e9;\n --table-alt-bg-4: #e9e9e975;\n --table-alt-bg-dark-1: #565f65;\n --table-alt-bg-dark-2: #444e54;\n --table-alt-bg-dark-3: #363e43;\n --table-alt-bg-dark-4: #363e4375;\n}\n\np:has(+ div.rdmd-table) {\n margin-bottom: 0.5rem;\n}\n\n.rdmd-table:has(+ blockquote) {\n margin-bottom: 1rem;\n}\n\n.alt-bg-1 {\n background-color: var(--table-alt-bg-1) !important;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .alt-bg-1 {\n background-color: var(--table-alt-bg-dark-1) !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .alt-bg-1 {\n background-color: var(--table-alt-bg-dark-1) !important;\n}\n\n.alt-bg-2 {\n background-color: var(--table-alt-bg-2) !important;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .alt-bg-2 {\n background-color: var(--table-alt-bg-dark-2) !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .alt-bg-2 {\n background-color: var(--table-alt-bg-dark-2) !important;\n}\n\n.alt-bg-3 {\n background-color: var(--table-alt-bg-3) !important;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .alt-bg-3 {\n background-color: var(--table-alt-bg-dark-3) !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .alt-bg-3 {\n background-color: var(--table-alt-bg-dark-3) !important;\n}\n\n.alt-bg-4 {\n background-color: var(--table-alt-bg-4) !important;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .alt-bg-4 {\n background-color: var(--table-alt-bg-dark-4) !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .alt-bg-4 {\n background-color: var(--table-alt-bg-dark-4) !important;\n}\n\n.markdown-body .rdmd-table table:only-child thead th {\n background: #e9e9e9;\n}\n\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system']\n .markdown-body\n .rdmd-table\n table:only-child\n thead\n th {\n background: #444e54;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .markdown-body .rdmd-table table:only-child thead th {\n background: #444e54;\n}\n\n.markdown-body table {\n border: none;\n --table-stripe: none;\n --table-edges: none;\n width: auto;\n text-align: left;\n}\n\n.markdown-body table th {\n vertical-align: bottom;\n padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;\n}\n\n.markdown-body table td {\n vertical-align: top;\n padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;\n}\n\ntable td p:not(:last-child) {\n margin-bottom: 0.5rem;\n}\n\n.table-a th {\n border: 1px solid #d8d8d8 !important;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-a th {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-a th {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n}\n\n.table-a td {\n border: 1px solid #d8d8d8 !important;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-a td {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-a td {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n}\n\n.table-a2 th,\n.table-a2 td {\n border: 1px solid #d8d8d8 !important;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-a2 th,\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-a2 td {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-a2 th,\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-a2 td {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n}\n\n.table-a2 td:first-child {\n background-color: #e9e9e975;\n font-weight: 600;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-a2 td:first-child {\n background-color: #363e4395 !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-a2 td:first-child {\n background-color: #363e4395 !important;\n}\n\n.table-a3 tr,\n.table-a3 td {\n border: 1px solid #d8d8d8 !important;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-a3 tr,\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-a3 td {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-a3 tr,\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-a3 td {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n}\n\n.table-a4 tr,\n.table-a4 td {\n border: 1px solid #d8d8d8 !important;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-a4 tr,\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-a4 td {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-a4 tr,\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-a4 td {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n}\n\n.table-a4 td:first-child {\n background-color: #e9e9e975;\n font-weight: 600;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-a4 td:first-child {\n background-color: #363e4395 !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-a4 td:first-child {\n background-color: #363e4395 !important;\n}\n\n.table-b tr {\n border-bottom: 1px solid #d8d8d8;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-b tr {\n border-bottom: 1px solid #d8d8d845;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-b tr {\n border-bottom: 1px solid #d8d8d845;\n}\n\n.table-b td {\n background-color: #fcfcfc;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-b td {\n background-color: #303b4265;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-b td {\n background-color: #303b4265;\n}\n\n.table-b2 tr {\n border-bottom: 1px solid #d8d8d8;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-b2 tr {\n border-bottom: 1px solid #d8d8d845;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-b2 tr {\n border-bottom: 1px solid #d8d8d845;\n}\n\n.table-b2 td:not(:first-child) {\n background-color: #fcfcfc !important;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-b2 td:not(:first-child) {\n background-color: #303b4265 !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-b2 td:not(:first-child) {\n background-color: #303b4265 !important;\n}\n\n.table-b2 td:first-child {\n background-color: #e9e9e975;\n font-weight: 600;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-b2 td:first-child {\n background-color: #363e4395 !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-b2 td:first-child {\n background-color: #363e4395 !important;\n}\n\n.table-d th:not(:first-child),\n.table-d td {\n border: 1px solid #d8d8d8 !important;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-d th:not(:first-child),\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-d td {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-d th:not(:first-child),\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-d td {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n}\n\n.table-d th {\n font-weight: bold;\n}\n\n.table-d th:first-child {\n background-color: var(--color-bg-page) !important;\n border-top: none;\n border-left: none;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-d th:first-child {\n background-color: var(--color-bg-page) !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-d th:first-child {\n background-color: var(--color-bg-page) !important;\n}\n\n.table-d td:first-child {\n background-color: #e9e9e975;\n font-weight: 600;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-d td:first-child {\n background-color: #363e43;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-d td:first-child {\n background-color: #363e43;\n}\n\n.table-e {\n border-collapse: collapse;\n width: 100%;\n}\n\n.table-e td,\n.table-e th {\n border: 1px solid #d8d8d8;\n padding: 8px;\n text-align: left;\n}\n\n.table-e td:first-child,\n.table-e th:first-child {\n border-left: none;\n background: none;\n}\n\n.table-e td:not(:first-child),\n.table-e th:not(:first-child) {\n border-bottom: 1px solid #d8d8d8;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-e th:not(:first-child),\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-e td:not(:first-child) {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-e th:not(:first-child),\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-e td:not(:first-child) {\n border-color: #d8d8d845 !important;\n}\n\n.table-e th:first-child {\n background-color: var(--color-bg-page) !important;\n border-top: none;\n border-left: none;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .table-e th:first-child {\n background-color: var(--color-bg-page) !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .table-e th:first-child {\n background-color: var(--color-bg-page) !important;\n}\n\n.grid {\n margin: 0 0.5rem 0 0;\n --table-edges: none;\n}\n\n.grid .rdmd-table td {\n padding: 1rem;\n}\n\n.grid-list {\n margin: 0 0 1rem 0;\n padding-bottom: 0.5rem;\n --table-edges: none;\n}\n\n.grid-list .rdmd-table td {\n padding: 0.5rem;\n}\n\n.grid-list .rdmd-table td:first-child img {\n margin: 0 auto;\n}\n\n.center .rdmd-table td:first-child {\n text-align: center !important;\n}\n\nth.top-lev {\n background-color: #d5d5d5;\n}\n\ntd.header-col,\n.header-col {\n background-color: #f4f4f4;\n font-weight: 600;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] td.header-col {\n background-color: #303b42b0;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] td.header-col {\n background-color: #303b42b0;\n}\n\ntd.header-colspan,\ntd.header-colspan p {\n background-color: #e5e5e5;\n font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n.matrix-text-center th:not(:first-child),\n.matrix-text-center td:not(:first-child) {\n text-align: center !important;\n}\n\n.function-list td:first-child {\n min-width: 150px;\n font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n.full-width table {\n width: 100%;\n}\n\n.header-col-200 td:first-child {\n width: 200px;\n}\n\n.alt-row-header tr:nth-child(2n) {\n background-color: #e9e9e9 !important;\n font-weight: 600;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .alt-row-header tr:nth-child(2n) {\n background-color: #444e54 !important;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .alt-row-header tr:nth-child(2n) {\n background-color: #444e54 !important;\n}\n\n.markdown-body table li > p {\n margin-top: 0.5em;\n margin-bottom: 0.5em;\n}\n\n.markdown-body table li + li {\n margin-top: 0.5em;\n}\n\n.col-3-thumb th:nth-child(3) {\n width: 30%;\n word-wrap: break-word;\n}\n\n.subheader-row tr:nth-child(1) {\n background-color: #e9e9e975;\n font-weight: 600;\n}\n\n/*** disclosure (accordion) widget ***/\n\ndetails > summary {\n list-style: none;\n}\ndetails > summary::-webkit-details-marker {\n display: none;\n}\ndetails > summary::before {\n font-family: var(--fa-font-solid);\n content: '\\f0fe';\n font-weight: 900;\n padding-right: 5px;\n color: #4245ff;\n}\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] details > summary::before {\n color: #6690ff;\n }\n}\n[data-color-mode='dark'] details > summary::before {\n color: #6690ff;\n}\ndetails[open] > summary::before {\n content: '\\f146';\n}\n\n/*** workflow expand/collapse ***/\n\ndetails.workflow {\n margin-left: 1rem;\n}\ndetails.workflow summary {\n margin-bottom: 1rem;\n}\ndetails.workflow blockquote,\ndetails.workflow dl,\ndetails.workflow ol,\ndetails.workflow p,\ndetails.workflow pre,\ndetails.workflow table {\n margin: 0.5rem 0 0 1rem;\n}\ndetails.workflow li > p {\n margin-left: 0 !important;\n}\ndetails.workflow ul {\n margin: 0 0 1.5rem 1rem !important;\n}\n\n/*** FAQ expand/collapse ***/\n\ndetails.faq {\n margin-left: 1rem;\n}\ndetails.faq summary {\n font-weight: 600;\n font-style: italic;\n text-indent: -1.2rem;\n padding-left: 1.1rem;\n}\ndetails.faq > summary::before {\n font-style: normal;\n}\ndetails.faq blockquote,\ndetails.faq dl,\ndetails.faq ol,\ndetails.faq p,\ndetails.faq pre,\ndetails.faq table,\ndetails.faq ul {\n margin: 0.5rem 0 0 1.1rem;\n}\n\n/*** Custom footnote styles ***/\n\n.footnote {\n display: flex;\n align-items: baseline;\n}\n.footnote-marker {\n font-size: smaller;\n margin-right: 0.25em;\n position: relative;\n top: -0.25rem;\n}\n.footnote-content {\n font-style: italic;\n font-size: 0.9rem;\n}\n\n/*** code block ***/\n\n.markdown-body code,\n.markdown-body pre {\n background-color: #f3f3f4;\n}\n.markdown-body pre {\n display: block;\n overflow: auto;\n white-space: pre-wrap;\n padding: 0;\n max-height: 90vh;\n}\n\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .markdown-body pre,\n [data-color-mode='system'] .markdown-body code {\n background: #3b4852;\n }\n}\n\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .markdown-body pre,\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .markdown-body code {\n background: #3b4852;\n}\n\n.CodeTabs-toolbar {\n background: #e7e9ec;\n}\n\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .CodeTabs-toolbar,\n [data-color-mode='system'] .CodeTabs-toolbar button {\n background: #4f5a66;\n }\n}\n\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .CodeTabs-toolbar,\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .CodeTabs-toolbar button {\n background: #4f5a66;\n}\n\n.CodeTabs.CodeTabs_initial .CodeTabs-toolbar button:first-child,\n.CodeTabs-toolbar button.CodeTabs_active {\n background: #f3f3f4;\n}\n\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n [data-color-mode='system'] .CodeTabs-toolbar button.CodeTabs_active {\n background: #3b4852 !important;\n }\n}\n\n[data-color-mode='dark'] .CodeTabs-toolbar button.CodeTabs_active {\n background: #3b4852 !important;\n}\n\n.break-string pre code {\n white-space: pre-wrap;\n word-break: break-word;\n}\n\n/*** lists ***/\n\n.field-description ol ol,\n.field-description ul ol,\n.markdown-body ol ol,\n.markdown-body ul ol {\n list-style-type: lower-alpha;\n}\n\n.field-description ol ol ol,\n.field-description ul ol ol,\n.markdown-body ol ol ol,\n.markdown-body ul ol ol {\n list-style-type: lower-roman;\n}\n\n.field-description ol ol,\n.field-description ol ul,\n.field-description ul ol,\n.field-description ul ul,\n.markdown-body ol ol,\n.markdown-body ol ul,\n.markdown-body ul ol,\n.markdown-body ul ul {\n margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important;\n}\n\n.markdown-body ol > li:not(:has(> p)) {\n margin-top: 1rem;\n margin-bottom: 1rem;\n}\n\n.markdown-body li + li {\n margin-top: 0.5rem;\n}\n\nol > li blockquote.callout.callout_default {\n margin-top: 0.5rem;\n}\n\n/*** related resources ***/\n\n.APISectionHeader-heading4MUMLbp4_nLs {\n font-size: 0.9rem;\n}\n\n.WhatsNext-wrapper3DTnpcPqKoHg ul li a {\n color: #4245ff;\n}\n\n.rm-Guides .PaginationControlsjDYuqu8pBMUy {\n display: none;\n}\n\n/*** custom page ***/\n\n.rm-CustomPage #content-container {\n margin: 3rem auto 2rem auto;\n}\n\n/*** suggested edits menu ***/\n\n.SuggestedEditsSubnav2cMzYf_z2E1a button {\n display: none;\n}\n\n/*** icons ***/\n:root {\n --icon-color: 171717; /* Default for light mode */\n}\n\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n :root {\n --icon-color: 7f7f7f; /* Auto-switch for dark mode */\n }\n}\n\n/*** images ***/\n\n.markdown-body img {\n vertical-align: top;\n}\n.intro {\n max-width: 500px;\n}\ntd img {\n margin-left: 0 !important;\n}\n\np > span > span > img {\n margin-bottom: 0;\n}\n\n/*** image styles (to deprecate) ***/\n\n.screen {\n display: block;\n padding-top: 1.5rem;\n margin-left: unset;\n margin-right: unset;\n}\n.inline-icon-iso {\n /*isolated icon - no text*/\n display: inline;\n margin: 0 0.13rem;\n position: relative;\n top: 0.2rem;\n height: 1.25rem;\n vertical-align: baseline !important;\n}\n.inline-icon-left {\n /*icon followed by label*/\n display: inline;\n margin: 0 0 0 0.13rem;\n position: relative;\n top: 0.13rem;\n height: 1.25rem;\n vertical-align: baseline !important;\n}\nli .inline-icon-iso {\n display: inline;\n margin: 0 0.13rem;\n position: relative;\n top: 0.13rem;\n height: 1.25rem;\n}\nli .inline-icon-left {\n display: inline;\n margin: 0 0 0 0.13rem;\n position: relative;\n top: 0.13rem;\n height: 1.25rem;\n}\n\n/*** drafting ***/\n\n.draft,\n.draft table {\n color: #dd0000;\n}\n\n/*** RM - footer ***/\n\n.footer {\n background-color: #000;\n color: #fff;\n padding: 50px 0;\n font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;\n}\n\n.footer .container {\n max-width: 1200px;\n margin: 0 auto;\n padding: 0 20px;\n}\n\n.resources {\n width: 297px;\n height: 173px;\n display: flex;\n flex-direction: column;\n justify-content: flex-start;\n align-items: flex-start;\n gap: 12px;\n}\n\n.footer-link {\n display: inline-flex;\n justify-content: flex-start;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 15px;\n color: white;\n font-size: 17.5px;\n font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;\n font-weight: 400;\n line-height: 25px;\n word-wrap: break-word;\n}\n\n.footer-link img {\n width: 24px;\n height: 24px;\n color: white;\n}\n\n.copyright {\n color: var(--product-background-9, #8c8c8c);\n font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;\n font-size: 17.5px;\n font-style: normal;\n font-weight: 400;\n line-height: 25px;\n /* display: inline-flex;\n flex-direction: row;\n gap: 4px; */\n text-align: right;\n width: 100%;\n margin-top: -25px;\n}\n.copyrighty {\n color: var(--product-background-9, #8c8c8c);\n text-align: right;\n width: 100%;\n margin-top: auto;\n}\n\n.intercom-lightweight-app-launcher-custom-icon-open {\n margin-bottom: 0px !important;\n}\n\n@media screen and (max-width: 960px) {\n .resources {\n width: 100%;\n height: auto;\n display: flex;\n flex-direction: column;\n justify-content: center;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 12px;\n }\n .footer-link {\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 8px;\n color: #fff;\n font-family: 'DM Sans', sans-serif;\n font-size: 17.5px;\n font-style: normal;\n line-height: 25px;\n }\n .copyright {\n font-size: 17.5px;\n font-style: normal;\n line-height: 25px;\n text-align: center;\n width: 100%;\n margin-top: 20px;\n }\n}\n\n.markdown-body kbd {\n font-size: 12px;\n}","stylesheet_hub3":"","javascript":"","javascript_hub2":"//-------------------------------------------------//\n// #3 Collapsible sidebar navigation\n$(window).on(\"pageLoad\", function (e, state) {\n // This event handler runs when the page loads.\n\n // Collapse navigation in the sidebar initially\n $(\".rm-Sidebar-section > .rm-Sidebar-list\").addClass(\"section-collapsed\");\n // Adds a class to collapse all sidebar sections by default.\n\n $(\".rm-Sidebar-heading\").append(\"\");\n // Appends a chevron icon to each sidebar heading for visual indication of collapsibility.\n\n if ($(\".rm-Sidebar-link.active\").length > 0) {\n // Checks if there are any active links in the sidebar.\n\n console.log(\"testing - > 0\");\n\n $(\".rm-Sidebar-link.active\")\n .parents(\".rm-Sidebar-list\")\n .addClass(\"section-list-expanded\");\n // If an active link is found, its parent list is expanded.\n\n $(\".rm-Sidebar-link.active\")\n .parents(\".rm-Sidebar-section\")\n .children(\".rm-Sidebar-heading\")\n .addClass(\"section-expanded\");\n // The corresponding section heading is also expanded.\n }\n});\n\n$(document).on(\"click\", \".rm-Sidebar-heading\", function () {\n // This event handler is for clicking on the sidebar headings.\n\n if ($(this).hasClass(\"section-expanded\")) {\n // If the clicked heading is already expanded, do nothing.\n } else {\n // If the clicked heading is not expanded, collapse all sections.\n $(\".section-expanded, .section-list-expanded\").removeClass(\n \"section-expanded section-list-expanded\"\n );\n }\n\n // Toggle the expansion state of the clicked heading and its corresponding list.\n $(this).toggleClass(\"section-expanded\");\n $(this).next().toggleClass(\"section-list-expanded\");\n});\n\n$(function () {\n // This function runs when the DOM is fully loaded.\n\n // Hide all expandable content sections by default.\n $(\".expand-content\").hide();\n let hidden = true;\n\n $(\".expand-trigger\").on(\"click\", function () {\n // This event handler is for clicking on the trigger to expand content sections.\n\n $(\".expand-content\").toggle();\n // Toggles the visibility of the expandable content sections.\n\n hidden = !hidden;\n // Updates the hidden state.\n\n return hidden\n ? $(\".expand-trigger\").find(\"span\").text(\"Show\")\n : $(\".expand-trigger\").find(\"span\").text(\"Hide\");\n // Changes the text of the trigger based on the hidden state.\n });\n});\n\n//-------------------------------------------------//\n\n// #4 Align Images Left by default per request\n$(window).on('pageLoad', function(e, state) {\n // Introduce a 1-second delay using setTimeout\n setTimeout(function() {\n // Select all images that are not inside

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